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Minerals Arranged by X-Ray Powder Diffraction
See Help on X-Ray Diffraction.
Powder X-ray Diffraction (XRD) is one of the primary techniques used by mineralogists and solid state chemists to examine the physico-chemical make-up of unknown materials. This data is represented in a collection of single-phase X-ray powder diffraction patterns for the three most intense D values in the form of tables of interplanar spacings (D), relative intensities (I/Io), mineral name and chemical formulae
The XRD technique takes a sample of the material and places a powdered sample in a holder, then the sample is illuminated with x-rays of a fixed wave-length and the intensity of the reflected radiation is recorded using a goniometer. This data is then analyzed for the reflection angle to calculate the inter-atomic spacing (D value in Angstrom units - 10-8 cm). The intensity(I) is measured to discriminate (using I ratios) the various D spacings and the results are compared to this table to identify possible matches. Note: 2 theta (Θ) angle calculated from the Bragg Equation, 2 Θ = 2(arcsin(n λ/(2d)) where n=1;
For more information about this technique, see X-Ray Analysis of a Solid or take an internet course at Birkbeck College On-line Courses. Many thanks to Frederic Biret for these data.
|
Selected X-Ray λ |
Change X-Ray λ |
D1 Å |
D2 Å |
D3 Å |
Tolerance % |
Elements |
|---|
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| D1 Å (2θ) |
I1 %) |
D2 Å (2θ) |
I2 (%) |
D3 Å (2θ) |
I3 (%) |
Mineral | Formula |
| 7.360(12.01) | 100 | 6.950(12.73) | 90 | 10.500(8.41) | 75 | Kanonerovite | MnNa3P3O10•12(H2O) |
| 7.361(12.01) | 100 | 3.173(28.10) | 100 | 2.918(30.61) | 80 | Luddenite | Pb2Cu2Si5O14•14(H2O) |
| 7.370(12.00) | 100 | 2.556(35.08) | 50 | 3.282(27.15) | 30 | Bechererite | (Zn,Cu)6Zn2(OH)13[(S,Si)(O,OH)4]2 |
| 7.372(12.00) | 100 | 3.080(28.97) | 86 | 7.771(11.38) | 83 | Kainite | MgSO4•KCl•3(H2O) |
| 7.381(11.98) | 100 | 3.690(24.10) | 100 | 2.676(33.46) | 100 | Srebrodolskite | Ca2Fe+++2O5 |
| 7.400(11.95) | 100 | 6.640(13.32) | 85 | 3.250(27.42) | 35 | Kernite | Na2B4O6(OH)2•3(H2O) |
| 7.400(11.95) | 100 | 3.190(27.95) | 80 | 3.530(25.21) | 80 | Compreignacite | K2(UO2)6O4(OH)6•8(H2O) |
| 7.400(11.95) | 100 | 3.311(26.91) | 100 | 1.635(56.21) | 100 | Akaganeite | Fe+++(O,OH,Cl) |
| 7.400(11.95) | 100 | 3.530(25.21) | 80 | 3.190(27.95) | 80 | Compreignacite | K2(UO2)6O4(OH)6•8(H2O) |
| 7.400(11.95) | 100 | 2.290(39.31) | 60 | 3.330(26.75) | 50 | Ferrimolybdite | Fe+++2(MoO4)3•8(H2O) |
| 7.430(11.90) | 100 | 1.529(60.50) | 80 | 3.660(24.30) | 80 | Pecoraite | Ni3Si2O5(OH)4 |
| 7.430(11.90) | 100 | 3.660(24.30) | 80 | 1.529(60.50) | 80 | Pecoraite | Ni3Si2O5(OH)4 |
| 7.430(11.90) | 100 | 9.500(9.30) | 100 | 3.960(22.43) | 40 | Karpatite | C24H12 |
| 7.440(11.89) | 100 | 3.200(27.86) | 35 | 3.730(23.84) | 30 | Becquerelite | Ca(UO2)6O4(OH)6•8(H2O) |
| 7.446(11.88) | 100 | 6.267(14.12) | 44 | 2.998(29.78) | 31 | Burgessite | Co2(H2O)4[(AsO3OH)]2•(H2O) |
| 7.450(11.87) | 100 | 6.170(14.34) | 100 | 3.870(22.96) | 90 | Callaghanite | Cu2Mg2(CO3)(OH)6•2(H2O) |
| 7.450(11.87) | 100 | 2.166(41.66) | 90 | 2.341(38.42) | 90 | Montetrisaite | Cu6(SO4)(OH)10•H2O |
| 7.450(11.87) | 100 | 2.341(38.42) | 90 | 2.166(41.66) | 90 | Montetrisaite | Cu6(SO4)(OH)10•H2O |
| 7.460(11.85) | 100 | 3.070(29.06) | 90 | 2.548(35.19) | 80 | Aldzhanite | CaMgB2O4Cl•7(H2O) (?) |
| 7.490(11.81) | 100 | 3.746(23.73) | 50 | 2.625(34.13) | 40 | Caresite | Fe++4Al2(OH)12CO3•3(H2O) |
| 7.500(11.79) | 100 | 3.630(24.50) | 50 | 2.621(34.18) | 50 | Sclarite | (Zn,Mg,Mn++)4Zn3(CO3)2(OH)10 |
| 7.500(11.79) | 100 | 14.900(5.93) | 60 | 11.100(7.96) | 40 | Metaschoderite | Al2(PO4)(VO4)•6(H2O) |
| 7.500(11.79) | 100 | 2.621(34.18) | 50 | 3.630(24.50) | 50 | Sclarite | (Zn,Mg,Mn++)4Zn3(CO3)2(OH)10 |
| 7.500(11.79) | 100 | 2.481(36.18) | 80 | 3.020(29.55) | 60 | Calumetite | Cu(OH,Cl)2•2(H2O) |
| 7.510(11.77) | 100 | 1.539(60.07) | 75 | 1.542(59.94) | 75 | Zaccagnaite | Zn4Al2(OH)12(CO3)•3(H2O) |
| 7.510(11.77) | 100 | 1.542(59.94) | 75 | 1.539(60.07) | 75 | Zaccagnaite | Zn4Al2(OH)12(CO3)•3(H2O) |
| 7.512(11.77) | 100 | 3.266(27.28) | 91 | 3.528(25.22) | 90 | Fluckite | CaMn(HAsO4)2•2(H2O) |
| 7.530(11.74) | 100 | 3.768(23.59) | 60 | 2.578(34.77) | 50 | Charmarite-2H | Mn++4Al2(CO3)(OH)12•3(H2O) |
| 7.550(11.71) | 100 | 3.770(23.58) | 90 | 2.670(33.54) | 70 | Charmarite-3T | Mn++4Al2(CO3)(OH)12•3(H2O) |
| 7.560(11.70) | 100 | 3.770(23.58) | 20 | 2.460(36.49) | 12 | Rancieite | (Ca,Mn++)Mn++++4O9•3(H2O) |
| 7.560(11.70) | 100 | 3.183(28.01) | 35 | 3.780(23.52) | 25 | Billietite | Ba(UO2)6O4(OH)6•8(H2O) |
| 7.560(11.70) | 100 | 2.990(29.86) | 90 | 4.480(19.80) | 70 | Parahopeite | Zn3(PO4)2•4(H2O) |
| 7.560(11.70) | 100 | 7.130(12.40) | 48 | 3.771(23.57) | 34 | Jachymovite | (UO2)8(SO4)(OH)14•13(H2O) |
| 7.570(11.68) | 100 | 2.552(35.14) | 90 | 1.917(47.38) | 90 | Takovite | Ni6Al2(OH)16(CO3,OH)•4(H2O) |
| 7.570(11.68) | 100 | 2.670(33.54) | 100 | 1.886(48.21) | 100 | Borcarite | Ca4MgB4O6(OH)6(CO3)2 |
| 7.570(11.68) | 100 | 2.671(33.52) | 84 | 2.727(32.81) | 68 | Numanoite | Ca4CuB4O6(OH)6(CO3)2 |
| 7.570(11.68) | 100 | 3.778(23.53) | 90 | 2.570(34.88) | 40 | Quintinite-3T | Mg4Al2(OH)12CO3•4(H2O) |
| 7.570(11.68) | 100 | 1.917(47.38) | 90 | 2.552(35.14) | 90 | Takovite | Ni6Al2(OH)16(CO3,OH)•4(H2O) |
| 7.590(11.65) | 100 | 14.200(6.22) | 100 | 2.950(30.27) | 66 | Rivadavite | Na6MgB24O40•22(H2O) |
| 7.596(11.64) | 100 | 3.320(26.83) | 30 | 3.371(26.42) | 26 | IMA2008-029 | (NH4)3Fe(SO4)3 |
| 7.600(11.63) | 100 | 2.680(33.41) | 90 | 12.080(7.31) | 90 | Admontite | MgB6O10•7(H2O) |
| 7.600(11.63) | 100 | 12.080(7.31) | 90 | 2.680(33.41) | 90 | Admontite | MgB6O10•7(H2O) |
| 7.600(11.63) | 100 | 4.930(17.98) | 100 | 15.220(5.80) | 100 | Uranospathite | Al1-x[ ]x[(UO2)(PO4)]2(H2O)20+3xF1-3x |
| 7.610(11.62) | 100 | 3.807(23.35) | 23 | 2.918(30.61) | 12 | Sophiite | Zn2(SeO3)Cl2 |
| 7.610(11.62) | 100 | 2.745(32.59) | 60 | 3.960(22.43) | 50 | Cianciulliite | Mn++++(Mg,Mn++)2Zn2(OH)10•2-4(H2O) |
| 7.610(11.62) | 100 | 2.130(42.40) | 100 | 2.970(30.06) | 90 | Uralborite | CaB2O2(OH)4 |
| 7.620(11.60) | 100 | 10.590(8.34) | 90 | 9.120(9.69) | 60 | Huemulite | Na4Mg(V10O28)•24(H2O) |
| 7.620(11.60) | 100 | 11.600(7.61) | 100 | 6.820(12.97) | 70 | Zapatalite | Cu3Al4(PO4)3(OH)9•4(H2O) |
| 7.620(11.60) | 100 | 14.620(6.04) | 100 | 3.490(25.50) | 90 | Arsenuranospathite | HAl(UO2)4(AsO4)4•40(H2O) |
| 7.620(11.60) | 100 | 3.800(23.39) | 30 | 1.900(47.83) | 10 | Brushite | CaHPO4•2(H2O) |
| 7.630(11.59) | 100 | 3.810(23.33) | 80 | 3.240(27.51) | 80 | Ianthinite | (UO2)•5(UO3)•10(H2O) |
| 7.630(11.59) | 100 | 3.818(23.28) | 60 | 3.353(26.56) | 60 | Suzukiite | BaVO(SiO3)2 |
| 7.630(11.59) | 100 | 2.600(34.47) | 81 | 3.800(23.39) | 73 | Reevesite | Ni6Fe+++2(CO3)(OH)16•4(H2O) |
| 7.630(11.59) | 100 | 3.785(23.48) | 100 | 1.825(49.93) | 20 | Quintinite-2H | Mg4Al2(OH)12CO3•4(H2O) |
| 7.630(11.59) | 100 | 4.280(20.74) | 100 | 3.070(29.06) | 80 | Gypsum | CaSO4•2(H2O) |
| 7.630(11.59) | 100 | 3.353(26.56) | 60 | 3.818(23.28) | 60 | Suzukiite | BaVO(SiO3)2 |
| 7.630(11.59) | 100 | 3.240(27.51) | 80 | 3.810(23.33) | 80 | Ianthinite | (UO2)•5(UO3)•10(H2O) |
| 7.630(11.59) | 100 | 3.870(22.96) | 100 | 2.900(30.81) | 70 | Bismutoferrite | BiFe+++2(SiO4)2(OH) |
| 7.640(11.57) | 100 | 2.567(34.92) | 70 | 3.808(23.34) | 50 | Comblainite | Ni++6Co+++2(CO3)(OH)16•4(H2O) |
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